A hiatal hernia is an anatomical abnormality in which part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm and up into the chest. Hiatal hernia is especially common among people who are overweight. Frequent coughing, smoking, stress can sometimes cause hiatal hernia formation.

Symptoms of hiatal hernia include: acid reflux, pain, similar to heartburn in the chest and upper stomach.

Diagnosis of a hiatal hernia is usually made through an upper GI barium x-ray. Gastroscopy or upper-intestinal endoscopy can be also provided. In these tests physician visually examines the esophagus and stomach using a flexible scope while the patient is lightly sedated.

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is used to look for electrical disturbances of the heart from the disease.

Lifestyle changes may improve the symptoms. These changes include: weight lowering, making exercises, sleeping on an incline, with head of bed raised 4-6 inches on blocks, eating small meals, avoiding alcohol, peppermint, caffeine and chocolate.

The complicated hiatal hernia requires surgery on an emergency basis. Surgery is required if the hiatal hernia is in danger of becoming constricted or strangulated (so that the blood supply is cut off). Hiatal hernia surgery is minimal invasive laparoscopic surgery. Many people can walk the next day after the surgery.

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